Tool for removing valve seats, bushings, or the like



Jan. 2, 1945. J, A, ANDERSON 2,366,467'

Bu'sHINGs, 0R THE LIKE TOOL FOR REMOVING VALVE SEATS,

Filed Dec. 3l, 1943 Patented Jan. 2, 1945 TOOL FOR REMovINGivALVE SEATS, BUsHINGs, on THE. LIKE John A. Anderson, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Application December 31, 1943, Serial No. 516,372

s Claims.

This invention relates to a tool of the type generally known as bushing pullers or extractors. In particular, it relates to a device for removing the valve-seat inserts used in internal-combusv tion engines.

In the maintenance-of internal-combustion engines subjected to severe service, it is necessary to remove the valve-'seat inserts when they have become worn, burned or pitted. The removal of the inserts, however, has been attended with such difficulty that it has been the practicein servicing airplane engines to replacethe entire cylinder with a new one having an insert fitted therein.

I have invented a novel form of puller or extractor particularly suited for the removal of valve-seat inserts but also applicable to the extraction of other forms of rings, sleeves or the like positioned in a housing. In a preferred embodiment, my invention 'comprises a tapered plugv adapted to be positioned, within the ring or sleeve to be extracted. A screw shaftthreaded into the plug extends outwardly of the housing in which the insert or bushing is positioned and has a thrust bearing engaging the housing. A plurality of exteriorly toothed segmental wedges mounted on a common support are adapted to be thrust between the plug and the interior of the valve seat or bushing; The mounting means for the wedges, conveniently a thimble, has a screw threaded therethrough adapted to be engaged by the plug to limit the movement of the latter relative to the wedges. After engagement of the screw by the plug on initial rotation of the screw shaft, the wedges having been forced into firm biting engagement with the insert or bushing, are forced axially of the screw shaft on further rotation thereof and thereby exert a powerful thrust on the insert or bushing tending to remove it from the cylinder or other housing.

Further details, novel features and advantages of the invention may be readily understood from the following detailed description which refers to the accompanying drawing illustrating the preferred embodiment. In the drawing,

' Figure 1 is a plan view of the tool;

Figure 2 is a side elevation showing the tool in position to remove a valve-seat insert;

Figure 3 is an axial section with the parts in extended relation;

Figure 4 is an elevation with parts in section along an axial plane, showing all the parts in collapsed relation after the insert has been removed; and

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one O f the wedges. o

Referring in detail'to the drawing, my valveseat extractor indicated generally at Ill is well adapted for the removal of a valve-seat insert I I from an engine cylinder I2 or other housing in which it may be positioned. The tool III comprises a screw shaft I3 squared at one end to receive a wrench, as indicated at I4. The other end of the shaft is threaded as at I5 and is provided with a tapered plug I6. The shaft has a shoulder I1 ladjacent the threaded end and a thrust bearing washer I8 resting on the shoulder is adapted to engage the-interior of the housing I2, as shown in Figure 2.

A thimble or sleeve-nut I9 is provided with a plurality of exteriorly toothed segmental wedges 20 assembled thereon adapted to be telescoped on the plug I6.y The thimble has a shoulder 2l and the lower ends of the segments are slotted to accommodate it. A spring ring 22 holds the segments in assembledrelation on the thimble but permits slight radial movement of the segments. The thimble is tapped to receive a hollow screw 23. The inside diameter of the screw 23 is large enough to accommodate the end of shaft I3 so that the end of the screw 23 may be brought to bear against the plug I6.

In using the tool, the shaft I3 is inserted through the inner end of the cylinder or housing I2 so that the squared end' III passes outwardly through the extension for the accqmmodation of the valve-stem bushing (not shown). When the shaft I3 has been positioned as shown in Figure 2, the plug I6 should lie within the insert I I and may be turned one way or the other, if necessary, to

bring it to the proper position. With the screw shaft and plug in place, the wedges 20 assembled with the thimble I9 are thrust forcibly into the space between the plug and the insert. The screw 23 is preferably rst retracted to about the position shown in Figure 3. It will be apparent that the wedges will be spread by the plug I6 so that their toothed exteriors have initial engagement at least, with the valve seat I I. The screw 23 is then turned up until it is spaced a short distancerfrom the plug. The proper relation may.

be obtained by turning the screw until it bears on the plug and then backing it up a turn or so.

turned up, it receives the threaded end of the screw shaft I3 interiorly.

Withthe parts in the relation described, i. e., as shown in Figure 2, the shaft I3 is turned by any suitable meansl in such direction as to force the plug I 6 downwardly. The reaction ofthe thrust on the plug is sustained by th bearing It will be understood that when the screw 23 iswasher I8 on the shoulder I'I of the shaft. The initial downward movement of the plug I6 forces the wedges into positive biting engagement with the insert I I. The initial engagement of the wedges with the insert holds them against rotation or axial movement while the initialadvance of theplug firmly sets the teeth of the wedges into the insert. If screw 23 has been properly positioned, the plug I6 will engage the end of the screw by the time-the `plug has descended far enough to set the teeth of the wedges into the insert. Thereafter, continued rotation of the.. shaft I3 applies thrust directly from the plug I6 to the screw 23 and thence to thev wedges 2li-sP When this thrust builds up to the required value, the insert II is pulled out of the. housing. I2 whereupon the entire tool with the insert thereon may be withdrawn, as showningFigure r4.. Itwi'lli be understood that the plug I6 is held against rotation at all times by the frictional engagement thereof by` the; interior surfaces. of the wedges 20.

When the tool ywith the insert'thereon has been removed, the assembled wedges 20; may be removed fromthe plug Inby: turning up;the screw 23. rIhe wedgesare thereby permittedto collapse, freeing the insert' l I; Thev assembled'wedgesrZD with the thimble I9 .together constitute a tapered expansible gripper adapted to have bitingzengagement with the interior ofthe insert' I I.

Itwill be apparent from theforegoing description that myr invention. providesv a simpleY yet highly effective tool for extracting 1 valve-seat inserts, other types of ringslor bushings positioned with a tight fit within a cylinder,` bearing or other housing. By `the aid ofthe. tool, thev removal ofrings, bushingsor the. like may be performed rapidly and-'without difficulty. Infact; the operation is so simple that itvmayfeasilybe performed by unskilled.y labor.` pensive to manufacture and requires no maintenance in use. 'I 'he'feconomy obtainable-by the use of the tool` in servicing airplane-engines as compared with theprior practice of'ireplacingthe entire cylinder, islreadilyvapparent.-

Although I have illustrated-and'describedfbut a preferred embodiment,` the `invention may be modified as to th'e construction or arrangement of the parts without deviating fromthe fundamental principle-fthereof lor the-scope of theape pended claims;

I claim:

1. A deviceforpull-ingjvalve'seatsor` the likeA comprising a thimble, an expansible, v tapered gripper adapted to be inserted in a1 valve seat,v said gripper including vtoothed segmental wedges movable radially on said thimble, an expander plug adapted to engage said VWedges interiorly, a screw shaft threaded in to said plug havingmeans engaging a fixed abutment, and a screw threaded into said thimble adapted to be engaged by said plug.

2. A device for removing valve seats vortho like from a housing comprising asorew shaft insertible through the seath'aving a shoulderad-apted to engage the housing, a.taperedplug'threaded on said shaft so as to be disposed'within said. seat, a plurality of fexteriorly toothed 'segmental wedges adapted to be inserted between saidjplug andv seat and effectivetofirmly engagothe seat on advance of saidplug and eventuallytodisplace The'tool; is linexp the seat from the housing, and means limiting tion of .said shaft.

4: .Apparatus for removing valve seats or bushings from housings comprising a tapered pusher plug disposedl within said seat, a screw shaft adapted Lto `begthreaded into said plug and extend outwardly of the housing, 'a thrust bearing on said shaft engaging the housing, segmental exteriorly toothed wedges adapted to be driven between said plug, and seat, common mounting means for saidwedges. means limitingy movement of the plug relative to the wedges on rotation of said shaft, said means comprising a screw on said mounting. means adapted to.be engaged, by said plugwhereby.to push said seat outof the housing.

5.',.Apparatus forexerting athrust on a. ring o-r sleevepositioned ina housingcomprising a tapered plugadapted to be vdisposed 'within vthe ring or. sleeve, a screwshaft having. a thrust bearing onthehousing threaded into. Saidplu'g, a plurality, of` eXter-iorly; toothed, segmental wedges adapted. to be thrust( between said plugand the ring `or sleeve andi forced .outwardly and axially by. advance of saidpIug.. and 'means for limiting advance of theplug relative to saidwedges.

61 A device for pulling yvalve seats orY the.. like comprising a. screwshaft adapted to bieinserted through avalve, seat andjhaving means engaging a ,fixedj abutment, a sleevehaving a plurality of exteriorly toothed,A segmental" wedges thereon adaptedto be telescopedoversaid shaft, an,l expanderplug threaded on said shaft adapted to engagesaidwedges interiorly, and ascrew threaded into said. sleeve. adapted.. to. be engaged by said plug 7 A` device, for pulling valve-seats or the like comprisingy a-screw shaft adaptedfto beinserted through avalve seatandhaving means engaging a vxed abutment, an 'expander plug .threaded on said shaft, an. assembly, of segmental` wedges toothed Yexteriorly, adaptedtobe inserted between said,` plug and', valve seat,i a nut mountingsaid wedges .for radial movement and a-screw threaded in saidnutadaptedjto be engaged bysaidj plug to force the wedges axially alongthe shaftafter the plug has expandedth'e `wedges'into binding engagement with the seat.

8. `A device for pulling ,valve seats4 or the like comprising a screwshaftadapted to be inserted through a, valve seatand having means engaging a fixed abutment, an expander plug'threaded on said shaft, segmental-wedges toothed exteriorly',

a carrier onwhich saidjwedges are assembled whereby theypare'adapted'to beinserted between said plugand'valve seat, rsaidjcarrier mounting said wedgesfor Aradial movement, and a screw threaded into said carrier adaptedto. be engaged bysaid plugwhenadvanced by rotation ofthe screw shaft.

JOHN" A; ANDERSON; 

